Carlos Scarpero, VA Mortgage Specialist, NMLS 1674385
Last reviewed September 29, 2026
Bad credit does not take a VA loan off the table in Minnesota. The VA sets no minimum credit score, so the decision comes down to your payment pattern over the last 12 to 24 months and whether your lender adds a score overlay on top of VA's rules.
Below is how underwriters treat each kind of credit problem, plus the Minnesota pieces that change your payment: the disabled veteran market value exclusion, hail and wind deductibles, and a foreclosure system that is unusually protective if you are behind right now.
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Down Payment Required: None
Minimum Credit Score: None officially, but most lenders have their own minimum credit score
Other Requirements: Must be an eligible Veteran
Yes. Minnesota adds no credit rule of its own, so the VA rules below are the rules, and the national detail on my bad credit VA loan hub applies here in full.
Where Minnesota shows up is in the monthly math. Property tax is levied district by district, hail and wind deductibles have grown, and if you are rated 70 percent or higher the state takes a large slice of your home's taxable value off the top. On a marginal file, that slice is often what makes the payment work.
None, as far as the VA is concerned. That is not a technicality, it is the rule underneath every approval I get for a low-score veteran.
VA HANDBOOK EXCERPT
“VA does not have a minimum credit score requirement.”
What the VA requires is that the lender determine you are a satisfactory credit risk and document how it got there. The 620 or 640 you were told about is that company's overlay. It is real at that company and nowhere in the VA rule book.
Source: VA Lender’s Handbook (Pamphlet 26-7) – Chapter 4: Credit Underwriting
Through Edge Home Finance, a mortgage broker with about 150 lenders available, the lowest VA score minimum I have been able to place is 500 (lender minimums as of September 2026, and they move).
Most collections on a Minnesota report are survivable, and there is no VA requirement that they all be paid before closing.
VA HANDBOOK EXCERPT
“Isolated non-medical collection accounts do not necessarily have to be paid off as a condition for loan approval. A credit report may show numerous satisfactory accounts and one or two unpaid collections. In such instances, while it would be preferable to have collections paid, it would not necessarily be a requirement for loan approval.”
The underwriter weighs each account: what it is, how old it is, how large, and whether your explanation is documented. What hurts is a live pattern of unpaid accounts, because those also get counted in the debt ratio and in residual income.
Source: VA Lender’s Handbook (Pamphlet 26-7) – Chapter 4: Credit Underwriting
VA HANDBOOK EXCERPT
“Lenders may disregard all identifiable medical collections, including charge-off accounts, that have not been reduced to a judgment or lien.”
Medical collections that never became a judgment or lien can be set aside completely, with no letter of explanation required. If your credit damage came from a hospital bill, this rule may be the whole answer.
Source: VA Lender’s Handbook (Pamphlet 26-7) – Chapter 4: Credit Underwriting
Judgments are handled differently. A judgment lien for a debt owed to the government has to be paid or satisfied before you can be considered a satisfactory credit risk, and a judgment that could attach to the property is cleared before closing.
One practical warning: do not pay old accounts off in a hurry before we look at the report together. Paying can refresh the account's date and knock your score down for a few months.
These timelines are federal and short, and they are the same in Duluth as in Dayton.
VA HANDBOOK EXCERPT
“If the bankruptcy was discharged more than 2 years ago from the date of closing for purchases and refinances, it may be disregarded.”
Two years past a Chapter 7 discharge with clean credit since, and the bankruptcy is no longer the deciding fact. Inside one to two years you need new credit paid on time plus a verified explanation, such as a layoff or medical bills, for why it happened.
Source: VA Lender’s Handbook (Pamphlet 26-7) – Chapter 4: Credit Underwriting
VA HANDBOOK EXCERPT
“The fact that a bankruptcy exists in a borrower (or spouse’s) credit history does not in itself disqualify the loan. Develop complete information on the facts and circumstances of the bankruptcy. Consider the reasons for the bankruptcy and the type of bankruptcy filing.” On a Chapter 7 discharge the same topic adds: “If the bankruptcy was discharged more than 2 years ago from the date of closing for purchases and refinances, it may be disregarded.”
An active Chapter 13 does not have to wait for discharge. Twelve months of satisfactory plan payments and written approval of the new mortgage from the trustee or judge, and a lender can move forward.
Source: VA Lender’s Handbook (Pamphlet 26-7) – Chapter 4: Credit Underwriting
After a bankruptcy the file gets built on what came next: new accounts paid on time, no fresh collections, and a clean 12 months. The handbook treats satisfactory credit as re-established once you have made satisfactory payments for 12 months after the last derogatory item was satisfied.
VA HANDBOOK EXCERPT
“You may disregard a foreclosure finalized more than 2 years from the date of closing.”
The two years run from when the foreclosure was finalized and title left your name. On a short sale or deed in lieu where you stayed current and communicated with the servicer, a waiting period may not be required at all.
Source: VA Lender’s Handbook (Pamphlet 26-7) – Chapter 4: Credit Underwriting
Entitlement is the second half of the question. If the lost home carried a VA loan and the VA paid a claim, the loss is charged against your entitlement until repaid, which limits how much you can borrow with no money down. A conventional or FHA loss leaves your entitlement alone. I check the Certificate of Eligibility first so your price range is real from day one.
Minnesota is one of the better states to be behind on payments, because the clock is slow and the rights are specific. Foreclosure by advertisement requires six weeks of published notice, the notice must be served on any occupant at least four weeks before the sale, and a foreclosure advice notice keeps going out at least every 60 days until then (Minn. Stat. 580.03, 580.041). On a homestead of one to four units you can also postpone the sale by five months on your own, by recording an affidavit at least 15 days before the scheduled date, which in exchange shortens your post-sale redemption to five weeks (580.07, subd. 2). Talk to a housing counselor before you use that lever, and talk to your servicer first.
No score is not a problem the VA punishes you for.
VA HANDBOOK EXCERPT
“For borrower(s) with no established credit history, base the determination on the borrower’s payment record on alternative or nontraditional credit directly from the borrower or creditor in which a payment history can be verified.” … “Absence of a credit history is not generally considered an adverse factor.”
Rent, utilities, insurance and similar payments can carry the file when the history can be verified with checks, bank statements or letters from the provider. The three-tradeline version of this rule is a lender overlay, not a VA requirement.
Source: VA Lender’s Handbook (Pamphlet 26-7) – Chapter 4: Credit Underwriting
Manual underwriting then runs on compensating factors: residual income above the guideline, a low debt ratio, minimal consumer debt, reserves after closing, and nontaxable income such as VA disability counted at 125 percent. Start collecting 12 months of rent and utility records now if you are planning ahead.
Story time: from my pipeline
The problem. A veteran applied and his report showed collection accounts that looked recent. Recent derogatory activity is a real problem on a VA file, so on paper this looked like a stop sign.
What I did. I did not take the report at face value. Collection agencies buy and resell these debts, and the date that shows up is often the date the current agency took it over, not the date the borrower actually fell behind. I sent him a screenshot of the accounts and asked him what each one was. It turned out two of the entries were the same telecom debt showing twice, and both of those, plus the credit card entries, traced back two to three years, one of them opened by an ex.
How it ended. The real question became documenting the actual dates so an underwriter could see the twelve month picture. The file is still working.
The date on a collection is a reporting date, not a confession. Before you accept a denial based on a recent collection, find out when the borrower actually stopped paying.
See If You Qualify Or call or text me at 937-572-3713.
VA HANDBOOK EXCERPT
“Residual income is the amount of net income remaining (after deduction of debts and obligations and monthly shelter expenses) to cover family living expenses.”
Residual income is VA's primary affordability test and your best friend on a weak-credit file. Taxes and insurance sit inside the shelter expense, so the escrow estimate is not a detail, it is the test.
Source: VA Lender’s Handbook (Pamphlet 26-7) – Chapter 4: Credit Underwriting
Minnesota is in VA's Midwest region: $1,003 a month for a family of four on a loan of $80,000 or more, the same tier as the South and lower than the Northeast or West (38 CFR 36.4340). If you are active duty or retired with access to nearby base facilities, the figure is reduced by at least 5 percent.
Property tax runs about 1.00 percent of value statewide (Tax Foundation, Minnesota), which is roughly $250 a month escrowed on a $300,000 home and $292 on a $350,000 home. Because levies are set by county, city and school district, I use the county's own estimate for the address rather than the state average. Two Minnesota closing-cost items also belong in your planning: the mortgage registry tax of 0.23 percent of the mortgage amount and the deed tax of 0.33 percent of the price, each a tenth of a point higher in Hennepin and Ramsey counties (Minnesota Department of Revenue).
Insurance deserves more attention here than in most states. The newest state-by-state figure I can source is an average of $1,774 a year, about $148 a month (NAIC data for 2022 published by the Insurance Information Institute; treat it as a 2022 benchmark, not a quote). The bigger issue is the deductible structure: the Department of Commerce reports that many Minnesota policies now carry a separate wind and hail deductible, often 1 to 2 percent of replacement value, which can be thousands of dollars at claim time (Minnesota Department of Commerce). Get the binder with the wind and hail deductible spelled out before we finalize an escrow figure.
Minnesota's benefit is a market value exclusion, not an exemption, and it is substantial. Under Minn. Stat. 273.13, subd. 34, a veteran with a VA service-connected rating of 70 percent or more excludes $150,000 of the home's market value from tax, and a veteran with a total and permanent 100 percent rating excludes $300,000 (Minnesota Department of Revenue, statute text). If the exclusion is larger than the home's value, the homestead is fully exempt that year.
In escrow terms, at roughly 1 percent of value, $300,000 of excluded value is on the order of $250 a month that stays out of your payment, and $150,000 is about half that. On a file where residual income is the tight number, that is a large lever.
The rules to respect: you need an honorable discharge and VA certification of the rating, the property must be your homestead as of December 31, and the application goes to your county assessor by December 31 for taxes payable the following year. The 100 percent benefit carries to a surviving spouse under specific conditions, including one transfer to a replacement homestead of equal or lesser value. The 70 percent level has no survivor carryover. A VA-approved primary family caregiver who owns and occupies a home can claim the exclusion the veteran would have qualified for when the veteran owns no Minnesota homestead. Your county veterans service officer is the right person to help you document the rating.
One planning note for buyers: because the deadline is December 31 and the benefit applies to the following year's taxes, a mid-year purchase usually means your first year of escrow is calculated on the full tax bill. Plan for the payment before the exclusion, then let the savings show up next year.
Median listing prices for August 2026, from the Realtor.com metro data file (realtor.com research data):
What that means for your loan: every one of Minnesota's 87 counties sits at the 2026 baseline VA county limit of $832,750, with no high-cost county anywhere in the state (verified against FHFA's 2026 county limit file). With full entitlement there is no VA loan limit at all. So the limit is almost never your constraint here. The payment is, which puts us back on residual income, escrow and the exclusion above.
Yes, the whole state. Cities I work in regularly:
Minneapolis, St. Paul, Rochester, Bloomington, Duluth, Brooklyn Park, Woodbury, Plymouth, Lakeville, Blaine, Maple Grove, St. Cloud, Eagan, Burnsville, Coon Rapids, Eden Prairie, Apple Valley, Edina, Minnetonka and St. Louis Park, plus the Iron Range, the lakes country and the southern river towns.
The VA requires none. Lenders set their own minimums, commonly 580 to 620, and the lowest I have placed a VA file with is 500 as of September 2026.
It helps the payment, which helps you qualify. At 70 percent it removes $150,000 of value from the tax calculation and at 100 percent permanent and total it removes $300,000. Because applications are due December 31 for the next tax year, your first year may still be escrowed on the full bill.
Two years from the discharge date, with credit re-established since, and the bankruptcy can generally be disregarded. Between one and two years is possible with documented circumstances and a clean payment record after the filing.
No. VA looks for two years from the date the foreclosure was finalized, and if the loan was not a VA loan your entitlement is untouched. Minnesota also gives you a six-month redemption period in most cases, so get advice before you walk away.
It does not change the approval directly, but the premium behind it changes your escrow, and the escrow changes residual income. A policy quoted without the wind and hail structure spelled out can throw the payment off by enough to matter on a thin file.
For the wider picture, see my Minnesota VA loan guide: entitlement, property taxes, appraisal issues and local closing practice.
I had gotten the runaround from another VA lender but you made it happen. Thank you Carlos!
Dan Bragg
US Army Veteran, Dayton, Ohio
Carlos made the process of getting a VA loan simple and I had no worries.
Rodney Foster
US Army Veteran, Xenia, Ohio